Smoking Cigarettes :: Argumentative Persuasive Example Essays

The governments must ban the sales of tobacco products. There are many consequences to smoking like health, addiction, cessation and economic costs. Second hand smoke is a major problem, since smoking is allowed in alot of public places. Second hand smoke has fifty cancer causing shemicals which are inhaled by non-smokers. Second hand tobacco smoke is also called Environment Tobacco Smoke (ETS). ETS is made up of smoke that comes from the end of a cigarette, pipe or cigar called sidestream smoke. People that are constantly exposed to ETS are at increasing risk for developing health problems related to it. Thirty-three percent of Canadian children under the age of twelve are regularly inhaling ETS. Since children breath faster than adults rhey take in more air, and if there is ETS in the air, the children can develop alot of health problems. ETS can cause problems like bronchitis,pneumonia, middle ear disease and asthma. In the family car many children are exposed to ETS. In a 1995 survey it is found that over half of the smokers, smoke in the car when children are present. Each year in Canada about 3300 people die from heart didease caused by ETS. And this is only second hand smoke. As for smokers themselves, their at higher risk to their health. Smoking causes cancers to the esophagus, lungs, voice box, throat and mouth and helps develop cancers of the bladder, pancreas, cervix and kidneys. It also causes cardiovascular disease like heart disease, stroke and diseases of the blood vessels. Lung cancer was the first cancer to be linked to smoking and is the number one cause of cancer deaths of people, world wide. Eighty to ninety percent of all lung cancer is smoking related, but lung cancer is not the only smoking related cancer, there are eight other cancers linked to smoking. There are over 16,000 cancer deaths in Canada each year, and is caused by smoking. Also smoking causes pulmonary and respiratory diseases. Over 8,000 people die each year from respiratory diseases caused by smoking. And it also causes alot of other diseases that permanently damage the lungs and airways by smokers. Other than cancer, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, smoking can cau se alot of health problems like ulcers and bowel disorders (Crohn's Disease), osteoperosis (decreased bone density), thyroid disease and increased severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Smoking also causes other health problems like cataracts, menstrual disorders, sleep problems, tooth and gum damage and increased injuries.

Case of Aline Deneuve

Case of Aline DeNeuve This case Aline DeNeuve is written by Alvin Turner, from St. Catharine’s, Ontario, Canada. There are a lot of issues in this case. Aline talked with five random employees to secure their views on having another retreat and to take their opinion how effective was the previous retreat. The first employee she talked with was Heather. The main issue over here is mostly stereotypical and racial discrimination. Heather told she doesn’t like retreats. She also said that she was ignored to give a promotion six months ago by her supervisor Jack as she was Chinese, and that her supervisor doesn’t like foreigners.She also stated that the three day retreat held once a year won’t solve the anti-social atmosphere between the employees. This problem occurred because Heather was upset with Jack for the reason she was not promoted by him. Categorization is an OB concept which falls under stereotyping. This is a comparison process for social identity, and that comparison begins by categorizing people into different groups. Heather thought she was categorized by her supervisor Jack as she was from China. Homogenization is another OB concept that falls under stereotyping. It is a simplified process of comparing people in various groups.Here people tends to think that, people with in a group are very much similar to each other despite the fact that everyone is an individual and have their own different characteristics. Heather thought that jack was homogenization towards her as she belonged from China, and was from some kind of Chinese group. Heather also thought that Jack was discriminating towards her as she was a foreigner, and so didn’t give her a promotion. There were also internal attribution factors in Heather as she regularly took large numbers of sick days from work, for the reason she thought her supervisor was discriminating her.She also had fundamental attribution error. Fundamental attribution error is a bias, re fers to our tendency to see the person rather than the situation as the main cause of the person’s behaviour. Heather thinks that she is biased by her supervisor. These problems can be fixed in various ways by Heather. Awareness of perceptual biases is one of the ways her problems can be solved. Training on diversity awareness can lessen discrimination by making people aware of methodical discrimination as well as biases that occur through stereotyping. Awareness of perceptual biases can make people more watchful of their opinions and activities.Thus, Heather might have a better point of view about Jack, and might think more positively about the outcomes that come in real life. Another way of fixing her problem is by improving self-awareness. It is a more powerful way to minimize perceptual biases; it provides evidence that the individual’s own conduct and choices reflect these biases. Therefore Heather can have a better and positive view of what is happening in her su rroundings and how positively she can take them. However, Heather can have a conversation period with her supervisor and discuss all the matters that are bothering her.This might help her understand Jack in a better way and stop all kinds of problematic issues they have between each other. The second employee Aline talked with was Jack. Jack is the manager of marketing department. He did not want to attend the retreat. He was upset as he was not promoted to the director position. Jack thought that he was passed over because he was black. He suggested that the organization should invest more money in its security purposes as he thinks lot of employees are taking home office supplies. He also thought that the company should design a better job orientation and socialization program for the new employees.The problem over here was Jack thought that he didn’t get the promotion because he was black; he assumed that he was racially discriminated. He also made a very serious statement about other office employees, that they have been taking office supplies to their home. This to my thought was really offensive to other employees especially when he had no evidence to prove them. The only positive statement that I thought Jack made was having a better designed job orientation and socializing program for the new employees. This step would really help the new comers to get involved in various activities in an organization.In this part of the case I found two problems that took place with Jack. The first one was Jack thinking stereotypically about himself. His thinking was more of stereotypical because he thought he was racially discriminated in the organization and so was not given a promotion to the director position. The solution to this problem can be diversity awareness training. This training will help Jack to minimize discriminating thoughts in his mind. He also needs to improve his self-awareness in himself which will let him know what he thinks about himself .The second problem associated with Jack was accusing other employees of the organization, for taking office supplies to their home. This is a very serious offensive issue. To me Jack thinks like this because he is having some internal issues with his fellow employees. This can be fixed from the Johari Window model. It helps to get to a mutual understanding which eventually encourages disclosure of argument. Jack can also have a formal conversation with the organization’s promotion giving team to get to know why he wasn’t selected for the director position; this might really help him to get to know the real facts.The third employee Aline had a conversation with was June, manager of customer service. She was also not keen to attend the retreat as she thought that the previous one was a waste of time. She also doesn’t like her job anymore as it became too stressful for her. She also stated that the company kept on promising her that it will hire more customer serv ice representative, but haven’t hired anyone. She also mentioned that it is getting hard for her to maintain her marriage with such a stressful job beside. June also said that she got tired of answering customer’s silly questions.The first problem June had was shortage of customer service representative which made her working condition stressful. She can write a letter to the organization’s head stating the entire problem that she is facing and asking for an immediate solution. The fact that June’s marriage life is getting affected from her work life falls in an OB concept, work-life balance. People tend to lose control of their marriage life due to a stressful condition in their work life. This problem can be solved by the means of virtual work.She can request the company to work from her home instead of working in the office using information technology. This will let her to for work from the comfort of her home; allowing to have a better and balanced l ifestyle. Many survey came up with results that on an average, a person working in a call center works no more than two years. However, I think June should leave her current job and look for a better one, because doing something that she doesn’t like, won’t be productive for her or the company. Fourth employee Aline spoke with was Alison, supervisor of employee benefits and services.Alison also expressed disagreement in attending another retreat. She said that some male and female employees think that retreats are an opportunity for hitting on one another. She also mentioned that the company should develop a policy regarding inter-office dating. She also stated that the management is contributing to these factors by not taking actions to stop such behaviour in work place. As Alison has very strong views to her religion she is very unsatisfied with the kind of environment that goes in work place, because most religious views are strong and conservative.This is more of a n issue than a problem. This issue falls under categorical thinking, as religious views falls under a specific category. In this categorical thinking people tries to relate every possible action in the base of that category, as Alison did by judging most of the situation in religious views. To overcome this issue Alison can go through a behaviour modification session, it is also known as operant conditioning and reinforcement theory. It helps people understand that learning and visualising completely depends on the environment and the situation.The last employee Aline talked with was Richard. Richard said he will be pleased to attend a retreat because he always felt these types of ventures are a great way to improve interpersonal relationship and to socialize with senior management. Richard was the only employee amongst the five employees who had positive and inspiring attitude. There was no problem that I could find from this conversation. Instead he was more inspirational for the other employees. He is extroverted, as he seems more outgoing, sociable, and assertive. The organization should take a lot of immediate actions to resolve these problems.The company can encourage its employees to join on various training sessions on improving self-awareness, awareness of perceptual biases, meaning full interactions with one another in office environment, behaviour modification, etc. The company can set up free training sessions to help their employee learn the visuals of work life in a modified and better way. One of the best alternatives can be, giving new employees not only job training but also other training to keep office environment healthy and good. MD Samiul Karim Shaown A00355188 Micro Organizational Behaviour MGMT-2383-1C

Learn How Insects Hear

Sound is created by vibrations carried through the air. By definition, an animals capacity to hear means that it has one or more organs that perceived and interpreted those air vibrations. Most insects have one or more sensory organs that are sensitive to vibrations transmitting through the air. Not only do insects hear, but they may actually be more sensitive than other animals to sound vibrations. Insect sense and interpret sounds in order to communicate with other insects and to navigate their environments. Some insects even listen for the sounds of predators in order to avoid being eaten by them.   There are four different types of auditory organs that insects may possess.   Tympanal Organs Many hearing insects have a pair of tympanal organs that vibrate when they catch sound waves in the air. As the name hints, these organs catch the sound and vibrate in much the way that a tympani, the large drum used in the percussion section of an orchestra, does it when its drum head is struck by a percussion mallet.   Like the tympani, the tympanal organ consists of a membrane tightly stretched on a frame over an air-filled cavity. When the percussionist hammers on the membrane of the tympani, it vibrates and produces a sound; an insects tympanal organ vibrates in much the same way as it catches sound waves in the air. This mechanism is exactly the same as found in the eardrum organ of humans and other animal species. Many insects have the ability to hear in a manner quite similar to the way we do it.   An insect also has a special receptor called the chordotonal organ, which senses the  vibration of the tympanal organ and translates the sound into a nerve impulse. Insects that use tympanal organs to hear include grasshoppers and crickets, cicadas, and some butterflies and moths. Johnstons Organ For some  insects, a group of sensory cells on the antennae form a receptor  called the Johnstons organ, which  collects auditory information. These group of sensory cells is found on the pedicel, which is the second segment from the base of the antennae, and it detects vibration of the segment(s) above. Mosquitoes and fruit flies are examples of insects that hear by using the Johnstons organ. In fruit flies, the organ is used to sense the wing-beat frequencies of mates, and in hawk moths, it is thought to assist with stable flight. In honeybees, Johnstons organ assists in the location of food sources.   Johnstons organ is a type of receptor found only no  invertebrates other than insects. It is named for the physician Christopher Johnston (1822-1891), a professor of surgery at the University of Maryland who discovered the organ. Setae The larvae of Lepidoptera  (butterflies and moths)  and  Orthoptera  (grasshoppers, crickets, etc.) use small stiff hairs, called setae, to sense  sound  vibrations. Caterpillars often respond to vibrations in the setae by exhibiting defensive behaviors. Some will stop moving completely, while others may contract their muscles and rear up in a fighting posture. Setae hairs are found on many species, but not all of them use the organs to sense sound vibrations.   Labral Pilifer A structure in the mouths of certain hawkmoths enables them to hear ultrasonic sounds, such as those produced by echolocating bats. The labral pilifer, a tiny hair-like organ, is believed to sense vibrations at specific frequencies. Scientists have noted a distinctive movement of the insects tongue when they subject  captive hawkmoths to sounds at these particular frequencies. In flight, the hawkmoths can avoid a pursuing bat by using the labral pilifer to detect their echolocation signals.

1.“Affirmative Action Began As A Plan To Equalize The...

1. â€Å"Affirmative Action began as a plan to equalize the educational, employment, and contracting opportunities for minorities and women with opportunities given to their white, male counterparts.† There’s a difference between equal opportunity and affirmative action policies. â€Å"Equal employment opportunity (EEO) means freedom from discrimination on the basis of protected classes such as race, color, sex, national origin, religion, age, disability or genetic information.† Affirmative action is considered to be an honest and social obligation to alter historical wrong doings and disregard the present effects of past discrimination. Personally, I don’t believe in the term â€Å"reverse discrimination† because discrimination in any form is†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"A body of scientific research over the past 50 years shows that people notice race, as well as gender, wealth, and even weight.† Should racial identities matter? I don’t think so. We should see the person for who they are and not what color of skin they have. I like the say â€Å"don’t judge a book by its cover† because I believe that you should get to know a person before you make any sort of judgment or evaluations of them. There is something called the power of racial bias, which is often concealed. Some think that calling it a racial bias lessens the blow of being called a racist. â€Å"People claiming bias can admit they may have acted in racially insensitive ways but were unaware of their subconscious motivations.† Someone can think racist thoughts, but never actually behave in a racist manner. Most people don’t self-identify as a racist because they don’t take any action upon it. People think that just because they don’t act upon it, that they shouldn’t be considered racist; however, thoughts and views can be a small form of racism. For example, if you saw a large black man at night – would you be a little scared? What about if that man were white? Would you flinch a little in both scenarios? If you flinched for one and not the other, based on his race, it’s still considered racist. So, no, I don’t think a person has to see herself o r himself as a racist in order to behave in a racistShow MoreRelated Affirmative Action needs to be Changed not Ended Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesAffirmative action: Should it be mended or ended? Affirmative action is an attempt to correct unequal distribution of benefits (status, income and wealth, power and authority), and burdens associated with ethnic and gender differences. Affirmative action has been promoted by the Federal government since the mid 1960s, when president Lyndon B. Johnson ordered federal contractors to adopt affirmative action plans. (Congress and the Nation, 748). 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Fundamentals of Human Resource Management—10th ed. ISBN-13 978-0470-16968-1 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Brief Contents PA RT 1 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 UNDERSTANDING HRM The Dynamic Environment of HRM 2 Fundamentals of Strategic HRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Read MoreBohlander/Snell-Managing Hr24425 Words   |  98 PagesIdentify the types of organizational forms used for competing internationally. objective 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Identify the unique training needs for international assignees and their employees. objective Explain the economic, politicallegal, and cultural factors in different countries that HR managers need to consider. objective Identify the characteristics of a good international compensation plan. objective Explain how domestic and international HRM differ. objective ReconcileRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCameron.—8th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 1561 Words

Abraham Lincoln once said: â€Å"Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man s character, give him power.† In Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible, the issue of authority is emphasized; many characters seek to unfold the truth behind the justice system, when faced with wrongdoings and immoral behavior. For example, during the Salem witch trials individuals try to challenge the men in power when they see authority being abused, in favour of having an honest justice system. When testing the power of authority, some may face injustice and be forced into unlawful activities. Authority figures have the power to provoke individuals from showing evidence during a trial and they can continue on with court procedures, even if the†¦show more content†¦Until Proctor came to court Danforth had no reason in suspecting the young girls in any form of unlawful activities: DANFORTH: I pray you, Mr. Parris. Do you know, Mr. Proctor, that the entire contention of the state in these trials is that the voice of Haven is speaking through the children? PROCTOR: I know that, sir. (Miller 88) Judge Danforth is too caught up in maintaining the order of the court room instead of focusing on the case itself. He dismisses the accusation placed by Proctor, until later when Proctor reveals the evidence himself. Danforth was determined the girls were honest he believed they were representing God: â€Å"Haven is speaking through the children† (Miller 88). His position in the court room over ruled all other individuals, his beliefs were strong and he showed selfish behaviour and disclaimed any accusations placed by other and did not listen to those against the court, specifically Proctor. Danforth did this in order to maintain power and keep order. John Proctor was frustrated with the idea of Judge Danforth not listening to his side of the story. He finally realised the best way to prove the girls are not innocent particularly Abigail, the leader of the â€Å"witch hunting pack†, is by risking his own reputation. He opens up to Danforth and admits his sin of adultery and explains how he had slept with Abigail, and how his

University of Phoenix Material Appendix C Free Essays

University of Phoenix Material Appendix C Part I Define the following terms: Term| Definition| Discrimination| * This is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons. * | Institutional discrimination| * This is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals or groups, resulting from normal operations of a society. * | Political correctness| * This can also be called political correct, this is a term which denotes language, ideas, policies, and behavior, seeking to minimize social and institutional offenses in occupations. We will write a custom essay sample on University of Phoenix Material: Appendix C or any similar topic only for you Order Now Such as gender, religion, racial, and sexual orientation. * | Part II * Write a 150- to 250-word response to each of the following questions: * * How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? * Discrimination is different from prejudice and stereotyping by that of discrimination actually takes action. Whereas prejudice and stereotyping are more of making assumption of a person or a race, assuming that they are one way due to their ethnicity or what they heard about them before getting to know them. Discrimination as I stated actually takes action there are so many different types of discrimination that actually take place today. Example: Hate crimes- people do these acts based on a person’s race, religion, or sexual preference. With this form familie’s. Another type of discrimination is institutional discrimination this can hinder someone from being hired because of their past or even color. An institution can hire just one race that controls all the laws over a town, and then make it hard for the minority to live since they may not know what it is like to struggle with everyday life. * * * What are the causes of discrimination? * * There are speculations of what causes racism some of this is caused by stereotyping. This can be caused by reading, music, television, and internet, say for instance a young child was watching television or listening to music and saw how people of one ethnicity acted they may then assume all are like this causing them to discriminate a gainst another race. Another factor of discrimination can be unfamiliarity there is a saying- people fear what they do not know, or yet to find out about. Some people are afraid to go out and meet new people based on what they hear or watch on television thinking that they are the same as the people they watch. If people grow up only around their race then the chances of them becoming racists and discriminate towards another race then become higher. Environmental factors can also lead to discrimination such as the way a person lives, maintains their property, and how they keep up their appearance. All of this can have a person become hateful towards you, or if they heard a certain race lives a certain way and then sees it, they then believe it and hate the race too. * * How is discrimination faced by one identity group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination faced by another? How are they different? Discrimination faced by one group is the same as discrimination faced by another by wanting it to stop. Not one ethnicity wants to be discriminated against, or have the ir children, wives, and family walk in fear not knowing if something is going to happen to them. Any race wants to live the same as any other race, safe, and peacefully, not having to fear tomorrow. Races that are discriminated against also can be the same as the other race by spreading the word of what is going on, and helping people who have this problem finding ways to conquer it. They can be different by many ways such as the way a race handles the discrimination. Some can act out by hurting people, retaliating, and teaching their children to do the same. Others can handle it in a nonresponsive way by ignoring it and turning the other cheek. Some may call the police and let them handle it, while others take it into their own hands. How to cite University of Phoenix Material: Appendix C, Essay examples

Research in Social Science Methodology and Design †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Research in Social Science Methodology and Design . Answer: Introduction: The philosophical standpoints in any academic research project are deeply related with the nature of the research. In the context of academic research the philosophical pluralism is highly inadequate, while it can be easily observed that methodological pluralism has been effective to serve the purpose of the study. It has been noted that there are incident where researcher has been failed to select appropriate methods by inexperienced linkage of research techniques with the research philosophy. It has been identified that although the philosophical arguments is capable of influencing the research methods, the relationship is never mutually exclusive. The linkage between the research methods as well as philosophies must be studied with great care for avoiding greater mistake in the academic research Proposal: The study would be aimed to provide detailed understanding on theory, methodology and research design. Moreover, it will evaluate the aspects of ontology and epistemology within a research project. Literature of Essay: Theory, Methodology and Research Design It has been also identified that as the qualitative research is capable of providing greater understanding on the research topic, it must provide respectful insight regarding the aspects and factors of research issue. The qualitative research include the consideration of research question, design of the questions, consideration of sampling, data collection strategies, analytic and interpretive process as well as implication in real society (Knox, 2004). Every aspect of the qualitative processes need to properly conducted with the appropriate understanding of dynamic nature of the study itself. In this context, the most suitable tactics isreflecting the justification as well as motivation of each research decision. The entire qualitative research must be conducted with the interpretive as well as cognizant perspective to attain most successful outcome and meet its objective (Jones, 2002). Epistemology and Ontology Knowledge is often considered as the epistemic achievement. Often it has been observed that belief has been greatly associated withthe knowledge. The epistemic contextualismstates that the relating anything or anyone with the knowledge attributes immensely depends on the diverse context of the scenario.It has been also identified that knowledge is highly depended on fair justification. The development of knowledge os often assumed to be dependent on the luck. In the aspect of knowledge development alternative possibilities are only considered when the stakes of being wrong is quite high. Therefore, it can be easily assumed that the knowledge is often relative based on context, belief as well as luck (Damnjanovic, 2012). The utility of research is mainly measured by the transfer as well as uptake of knowledge by the end users. In this context, it has been identified that the knowledge transfer can be conducted through a number of diverse arrays of process. The transmission of knowledge can be different as the policy or goal of the studies are different in each sector. Therfore, it can be easily assumed that the effective knowledge development as well as transmission is heavily dependent on effective policies of the entire research project. As the knowledge description is a most iterative as well as complex process it creates greater hindrance in transmission of knowledge to the end users. Therefore, effective knowledge transmission can only be conducted by the social science research through proper implementation of processes as well as effective policy development (Witten Hammond, 2010). Plan of Action: The study would be focused on reviewing the established literature for acquiring the detailed understanding on theory, methodology and research design. In addition to that, it would also find out the aspects of epistemology and ontology within a research work in a detailed manner. The literature would include journal articles, which have been primarily focused on the research topic. The observational analysis would be used to analyse the theory, methodology and research design, which has been used in the journal articles. Scope of the Essay: The essay would be most helpful to identify the intricacies and trends of theory, methodology and research design within an academic research project. The study would be most helpful for the academic professionals in the context of conducting necessary research project. Conclusion: The essay would effectively provide detailed understanding on theory, methodology and research design. Moreover, it will evaluate the aspects of ontology and epistemology within a research project. The study would be focused on reviewing the established literature such as journal articles, with the help of observational analysis. The essay would be most helpful to identify the intricacies and trends of theory, methodology and research design within an academic research project. The study would be most helpful for the academic professionals in the context of conducting necessary research project. References: Damnjanovic, N 2012, Epistemic Contextualism and Recognising Knowledge across Cultures.In Anthropological Forum (Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 225-238).Routledge. Jones, S 2002, (Re) writing the word: Methodological strategies and issues in qualitative research. Journal of College Student Development, 43(4), 461. Knox, K T 2004, A researcher's dilemma-philosophical and methodological pluralism. The Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 2(2), 119-128. Witten, K, Hammond, K 2010, What becomes of social science knowledge: New Zealand researchers' experiences of knowledge transfer modes and audiences. K?tuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 5(1), 3-12.